Chinese Medicine Plaster as A New Treatment for Surgical Site Infection in Patients with Cesarean Delivery: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Controlled Trial / 中国结合医学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To evaluate the efficacy of Chinese plaster containing rhubarb and mirabilite on surgical site infection (SSI) in patients with cesarean delivery (CD) by performing a randomized controlled trial.@*METHODS@#This randomized controlled trial included 560 patients with CD due to fetal head descent enrolled at a tertiary teaching center between December 31, 2018 and October 31, 2021. Eligible patients were randomly assigned to a Chinese medicine (CM) group (280 cases) or a placebo group (280 cases) by a random number table, and were treated with CM plaster (made by rhubarb and mirabilite) or a placebo plaster, respectively. Both courses of treatment lasted from the day 1 of CD, followed day 2 until discharge. The primary outcome was the total number of patients with superficial, deep and organ/space SSI. The secondary outcome was duration of postoperative hospital stay, antibiotic intake, and unplanned readmission or reoperation due to SSI. All reported efficacy and safety outcomes were confirmed by a central adjudication committee that was unaware of the study-group assignments.@*RESULTS@#During the recovery process after CD, the rates of localized swelling, redness and heat were significantly lower in the CM group than in the placebo group [7.55% (20/265) vs. 17.21% (47/274), P<0.01]. The durution of postoperative antibiotic intake was shorter in the CM group than in the placebo group (P<0.01). The duration of postoperative hospital stay was significantly shorter in the CM group than in the placebo group (5.49 ± 2.68 days vs. 8.96 ± 2.35 days, P<0.01). The rate of postoperative C-reactive protein elevation (≽100 mg/L) was lower in the CM group than in the placebo group [27.6% (73/265) vs. 43.8% (120/274), P<0.01]. However, there was no difference in purulent drainage rate from incision and superficial opening of incision between the two groups. No intestinal reactions and skin allergies were found in the CM group.@*CONCLUSIONS@#CM plaster containing rhubarb and mirabilite had an effect on SSI. It is safe for mothers and imposes lower economic and mental burdens on patients undergoing CD. (Registration No. ChiCTR2100054626).

Sleep-improving mechanisms of Jiu Wei Bu Xue Oral Liquid on regulating Glu/GABA balance in insomnia rats based on network pharmacology and experimental verification / 药学学报

This study aimed to investigate the mechanism of Jiu Wei Bu Xue Oral Liquid on insomnia rats combining the methods of network pharmacology, molecular docking and experimental verification. UPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS method and TCMIP, TCMSP databases were used to collect the ingredients and targets of Jiu Wei Bu Xue Oral Liquid. Protein-protein interactions and network analysis were performed to screen the key network targets and putative active ingredients of Jiu Wei Bu Xue Oral Liquid in treatment of insomnia, and then following by biological function and KEGG pathway analysis. Then binding ability for key network targets and putative active ingredients were predicted with molecular docking. The prediction targets were validated in para-chlorophenylalanine (PCPA) induced insomnia rats with administration of Jiu Wei Bu Xue Oral Liquid (2, 4, 8 mL·kg-1) for 7 days. Pentobarbital sodium induced sleeping test were performed to evaluate the synergistic sleep-aiding effect of Jiu Wei Bu Xue Oral Liquid. Then glutamic acid (Glu), γ-aminobutyrate (GABA) content and glutamate decarboxylase 1 (GAD67) activity in hypothalamus or hippocampus were evaluated, and the expressions of GAD67, γ-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit α1 (GABRA1) and γ-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit β2 (GABRB2) in hippocampus were detected by qRT-PCR and Western blot methods. Animal experiments were approved by the Institutional Committee on Animal Care of Guangxi Institute of Chinese Medicine & Pharmaceutical Science (the number of permission: 2022060802). Results showed that 16 key network targets and 16 putative active ingredients were obtained by analyzing the herbs-ingredients-targets network of Jiu Wei Bu Xue Oral Liquid in treatment of insomnia. Network pharmacology and molecular docking all indicated these active ingredients, for example atractylenolide Ⅲ, showed better binding ability with GABRA1 and GABRB2. Animal study indicated that, compared to PCPA-induced insomnia model, Jiu Wei Bu Xue Oral Liquid remarkably shortened the sleeping latency and increased the sleeping duration, increased GAD67 activity and the production of GABA in hippocampus of insomnia rats, as well as the expressions of GAD67, GABRA1 and GABRB2, while decreased Glu content in hypothalamus, leading to decreasing of Glu/GABA ratio and recovery of Glu-GABA balance. These results indicated that Jiu Wei Bu Xue Oral Liquid improved insomnia symptoms and helped maintain the Glu-GABA balance within hypothalamus and hippocampus, and reduced the excitatory neurotoxicity within brain. The mechanism may due to the elevation of GAD67 expression and enzyme activity, and the enhancement of type-A GABA receptor (GABAAR)-mediated neurons inhibition.

Experimental study of transplantation of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells in the treatment of alkali-burned cornea / 国际眼科杂志(Guoji Yanke Zazhi)

AIM: To evaluate the efficacy of transplantation of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells(hUCMSCs)in the treatment of corneal alkali burn in rabbits, and study the infiltration of polymorphonuclear neutrophils(PMNs)and the changes of vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF)expression.METHODS: Corneal alkali burn models were established in right eyes of 75 healthy Japanese white rabbits, which were divided into three groups(group A, B and C), with 25 rabbits in each group. Group A was treated with amniotic membrane combined with hUCMSCs on the day after corneal alkali burn. Group B was treated with amniotic membrane only. Group C did not give any treatment after corneal alkali burn. At 3, 7, 14, 21 and 28d after corneal alkali burn, the corneal recovery was observed by slit lamp and photographed, the growth of corneal neovascularization(CNV)was scored, and corneal tissue was separated to make pathological sections. PMNs infiltration was observed by hematoxylin-eosin(HE)staining, and the expression of VEGF was determined by immunohistochemical staining.RESULTS: The growth of CNV in group A was much slower than that in group B at 14d after alkali burn. The CNV growth score around lesions of group A was significantly lower than that of group B(P&#x003C;0.05). The quantity of PMNs increased on the 3d with the stromal layer of cornea infiltrated, relatively decreased on the 7d, shown a peak on the 14d, and then decreased gradually. Early infiltration after alkali burn was in the corneal stroma of the lesion area, and the extent of infiltration was equal to the ulcer area at later stage. The cell densities of corneal PMNs in group A and group B were significantly lower than those in group C at all time points after alkali burns(P&#x003C;0.05), and those in group A were significantly lower than group B at 14 and 21d(P&#x003C;0.05). The expression levels of corneal VEGF in all groups after alkali burn reached peak at 7～14d and decreased significantly at 28d, and the expression levels of VEGF in group A and group B at all time points after alkali burn were significantly lower than those in group C(P&#x003C;0.05), and group A was significantly lower than that in group B at 7, 14 and 21d(P&#x003C;0.05).CONCLUSION: The transplantation of hUCMSCs after alkali burn cornea can reduce the formation of CNV and inhibit corneal revascularization after alkali burn. The corneal pathological lesions and vascularization are closely related to PMNs and VEGF.

Factor analysis on serum biomarkers in patients with stage Ⅰ silicosis / 中国职业医学

@#Objective ， To investigate the role of serum chemokines and oxidative and antioxidant biomarkers in occupational （ silicosis） Methods silicosis hereinafter referred to as . A total of 58 patients with stage Ⅰ silicosis were selected as the - （ ）， research subjects using convenient sampling method. The serum levels of nuclear factor erythroid 2 related factor 2 Nrf2 -（ - ） - （ - - ） - heme oxygenase 1 HO 1 and 8 isoprstaglandin F2α 8 iso PGF2α were determined by enzyme linked immunesorbent assay. （ ） （ - ） The serum levels of lipid peroxide LPO and total antioxidant capacity TAOC were determined by chemistry colorimetric method. - - （ - ）， Luminex flow fluorescence technology was used to detect the serum levels of interferon γ inducible protein10 IP10 macrophage （ ）- ， - - （ ） inflammatory protein MIP 1α MIP1β and macrophagederived chemokine MDC . The above indicators were analyzed by factor Results - analysis. The information extraction rate of the original indicators of the nine biomarkers was 58.5%96.5%. Four common ， ， （ ） ， factors were extracted including Nrf2 antioxidant signaling pathway helper T cell Th 1 dominant chemotaxis the total ， ， ， ， ， oxidation/antioxidant balance and Th2 dominant chemotaxis whose variance contribution rates were 32.2% 19.1% 16.4% ， ， Conclusion - and 11.8% respectively and the cumulative variance contribution rate was 79.5%. Both the oxidant antioxidant ， disturbance and the dominance chemotaxis are involved in the occurrence and development of silicosis and the Nrf2 antioxidant signaling pathway plays the most critical role.

Total Flavones of Spatholobi Caulis Regulate Hippocampal Neuroplasticity in Depressed Rats Through CREB/BDNF Pathway / 中国实验方剂学杂志

ObjectiveTo investigate the effect and mechanism of total flavones of Spatholobi Caulis （TFSC） against depression in rats. MethodThe fifty KM mice were randomly divided into the normal group and high-， medium-， and low-dose （1， 0.5， 0.25 g·kg-1） TFSC groups and gavaged with the corresponding drugs for 12 successive days. One hour after the last administration， the immobility time in forced swimming test and tail suspension test was recorded. The SD rats were randomly divided into the normal group， model group， fluoxetine （5 mg·kg-1） group， and high- and low-dose （1， 0.25 g·kg-1） TFSC groups. Following the exposure of rats to two different kinds of stimuli daily for inducing chronic unpredictable stress， they were administered with the corresponding drugs for 21 d. After the experiment， the levels of serum neurotransmitters and inflammatory factors in rats were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA）. The changes in hippocampal neurons of rats were observed by hematoxylin-eosin （HE） and Nissl staining. The mRNA expression levels of nuclear factor-κB （NF-κB） and tumor necrosis factor-α （TNF-α） in the hippocampus of rats were detected by real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction （Real-time PCR）， and the protein expression levels of cAMP-response element binding protein （CREB）， phosphorylated CREB （p-CREB）， and brain-derived neurotrophic factor （BDNF） in hippocampal tissues by Western blot. ResultCompared with the normal group， TFSC significantly shortened the immobility time of mice in tail suspension and swimming tests （P<0.05）. Compared with the normal group， the model group exhibited reduced sucrose intake and wilderness activity （P<0.01）， decreased 5-HT， DA， NE （P<0.05， P<0.01）， MAO， IL-6， TNF-α （P<0.05， P<0.01）， damaged neurons， increased mRNA levels of TNF-α and NF-κB （P<0.01）， and down-regulated BDNF and CREB protein expression （P<0.05）. Compared with the model group， TFSC significantly enhanced sucrose intake and wilderness activity of rats （P<0.05）， increased the serum 5-HT， DA and NE （P<0.05， P<0.01）， and decreased the serum MAO， IL-6， and TNF-α （P<0.05， P<0.01） as well as NF-κB and TNF-α mRNA expression （P<0.01）， up-regulated the protein expression levels of BDNF and CREB （P<0.01）， and improved the pathological symptoms of hippocampus. ConclusionTFSC improved the hippocampal neurons of rats via CREB/BDNF signaling pathway and reduced depressive pathological damage， thus relieving depression.

Effect of Gecko Extract on Neuroinflammation in Rats with Reserpine-induced Depression via TLR4/NF-κB Pathway / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Objective:To investigate the effects and mechanism of Gecko extract for treatment of depression in rats. Method:The depression rats were induced by intraperitoneal injection of reserpine （0.5 mg·kg^-1）. The successfully modeled rats were randomly divided into model group， fluoxetine group （1.8 mg·kg^-1）， high dose and low dose groups of Gecko extract （12， 6 g·kg^-1）. The rats were given corresponding dose of drugs once a day for 10 days. After administration， the levels of neurotransmitters and inflammatory factors in serum and prefrontal cortex of rats were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA）. The cell changes in hippocampal tissues were observed by hematoxylin-eosin （HE） staining. The mRNA levels of interleukin-6 （IL-6）， nuclear factor-<italic>κ</italic>B （NF-<italic>κ</italic>B）， and tumor necrosis factor （TNF-<italic>α</italic>） in the hippocampus of rats were detected by Real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction （Real-time PCR）. The protein levels of Toll-like receptor 4 （TLR4） and NF-<italic>κ</italic>B in hippocampal tissues of rats were detected by Western blot. Result:Compared with the normal group， Gecko extract significantly shortened the immobility time of tail suspension and swimming in mice. Compared with model group， Gecko extract significantly reduced blepharoptosis and retention time in circles for the rats （<italic>P</italic><0.05）， increased the levels of 5-hydroxytryptamine （5-HT） and dopamine （DA） in serum （<italic>P</italic><0.05）， decreased the levels of Monoamine oxidase （MAO）， IL-6， and TNF-<italic>α</italic> in serum （<italic>P</italic><0.05） and prefrontal cortex （<italic>P</italic><0.05）， decreased the mRNA levels of inflammatory cytokines IL-6， NF-<italic>κ</italic>B and TNF-<italic>α</italic> and the protein expressions of TLR4 and NF-<italic>κ</italic>B in the hippocampus of rats （<italic>P</italic><0.05，<italic> P</italic><0.01）， and improved the pathological symptoms of the hippocampus. Conclusion:Gecko extract can significantly alleviate the pathological damage of depression and improve the symptoms of depression， and its mechanism may be due to inhibiting TLR4/NF-<italic>κ</italic>B signaling pathway and reducing the expression of NF-<italic>κ</italic>B， IL-6 and other inflammatory factors in the hippocampus of rats.

Seroprevalence of and Identification of Risk Factors in China / 生物医学与环境科学（英文）

Serum samples were tested for IgG antibodies using indirect immunofluorescence assays. We then analyzed associated risk factors. Serum samples were considered positive when reactive at a dilution of more than 1:320. Differences between groups and risk factors associated with exposure were statistically analyzed using Chi-square tests and the generalized linear model. 122 of 1,260 samples (9.68%) were positive for infection. The infection rate ranged from 0% to 30.43% and differed significantly among age groups ( < 0.01); infection rate in the 50-59 years group was significantly higher than that in other age groups. The seroprevalence of varied significantly among sites within the four provinces, and the infection rate of field workers was significantly higher than that of urban workers.

Comparison of Hasner valvulotomy outcomes in pediatric and adult patients: does age matter? / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

BACKGROUND@#Hasner valve incision has been recently introduced as a new treatment for ophthalmic patients with epiphora symptoms. The aim of this study was to examine whether surgical outcomes of Hasner valve incision for inferior nasolacrimal duct obstruction were different between pediatric and adult patients.@*METHODS@#A total of 53 eyes of 52 patients who underwent Hasner valve incision in the Beijing Tongren Hospital from October 2016 to November 2019 were retrospectively observed. Patients were divided into two groups, including pediatric group (23 eyes of 22 patients,  0.05).@*CONCLUSION@#Hasner valve incision was effective for both adult and children with inferior nasolacrimal duct obstruction, with no difference in surgical outcomes between the two groups.

Effect and Mechanism of Active Fraction of Polyrhachis vicina in Treatment of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus(SLE) / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Objective: To observe the effect of an active fraction of Polyrhachis vicina (AFPV) on systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and its possible mechanism based on animal and cell models. Method: Totally 60 SD rats were randomly divided into normal control group, model group, prednisone acetate group (5 mg·kg-1), and high, medium and low-dose AFPV groups (400, 200, 100 mg·kg-1). SLE model was replicated with bovine serum albumin-Freund's complete (incomplete) adjuvant. Arthus reaction was observed to study the effect of AFPV on the diameter of back skin redness in rats with SLE. The expressions of anti-double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) antibody, complements 3 (C3), complement 4 (C4), immunoglobulin M (IgM), interleukin-1 (IL-1), interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-31 (IL-31) and interleukin-33 (IL-33) in serum were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. CD4+T cells were isolated from the spleens of MRL/lpr and C57BL/6J mice at the age of 16 to 18 weeks by immunomagnetic beads method. The expressions of miR-200a and miR-155 and the levels of zinc-finger-enhancer binding protein 1(ZEB1) and suppressor of cytokine signaling1(SOCS1) in CD4+T cells were observed to explore the effect of AFPV on SLE and its possible mechanism. Result: Compared with the normal group, the diameter of back skin swelling in the model group was significantly increased (PPPPPPP+T cells of MRL/lpr lupus mice. Compared with the model group, the expression of microRNA-200a increased significantly, the expression of microRNA-155 decreased significantly (PPConclusion: AFPV has therapeutic effect on rats with SLE, its mechanism may be related to the regulation of miR-200a/ZEB1 and miR-155/SOCS1.

Preliminary study on the clinical value of noninvasive prenatal testing of fetal chromosomal copy number variations / 中国实用妇科与产科杂志

OBJECTIVE: To explore the clinical value of non-invasive prenatal testing(NIPT)for screening fetal chromosomal copy number variations(CNVs) and microdeletion/microduplication syndromes(MDs).METHODS: Retrospective analysis was made in the 10 005 women who received NIPT during the first trimester(15-20+ 6 weeks)from January,2012 to July,2017,at First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province,Department of Genetic Diagnosis Center.Among them 32 pregnant women were indicated fetal CNVs,25 of 32 pregnant women selected interventional prenatal diagnosis.Statistical analysis was made on the amniotic fluid/cord blood chromosome G band karyotype and high-throughput sequencing(NGS)genome copy number analysis was made,and relevant CNVs were searched and analyzed in the corresponding database;the consistency of CNVs found in NIPT with interventional prenatal diagnosis was statistically analyzed.RESULTS: During the second trimester(15-20+ 6 weeks),in the 10 005 pregnant women who received NIPT testing 32 cases were shown to have high risks of fetal CNVs,and the screening positive rate was 0.32%(32/10 005).In 25 high risk pregnant women who accepted invasive prenatal diagnosis via informed choice,14 women wereconfirmed as fetal CNVs,the positive predictive value(PPV)of NIPT being 56%(14/25),including 9 cases of microdeletion and 5 cases of microduplication.The sizes were between 587.75 kb and 36.05 Mb.The size and the start and end positions of CNVs found by NIPT were similar to those of fetal DNA samples detected by NGS.Among 14 cases of fetal CNVs,11 cases were identified as MDs,3 cases as unknown clinical significance.In 11 cases of MDs,8 cases were observed fetal chromosome structure abnormalities by karyotype analysis,10 cases were confirmed as de novo abbreviations,and 2 cases as originated from paternal same MD.After genetic counseling,10 pregnant women in 11 cases of MDs chose informed terminations,and one case chose continuing pregnancy.CONCLUSION: As a high-precision screening method,NIPT is expected to be an effective mean to screen for fetal CNVs,which can be used to detect highrisk chromosome microdeletion and microduplication CNVs of larger segments.High risk cases of fetal CNVs found by NIPT require invasive prenatal diagnosis for validation.

Effects of Pranoprofen on the retinal structure and serum levels of VEGF in patients with cataract surgery / 国际眼科杂志(Guoji Yanke Zazhi)

@#AIM: To evaluate the effects of pranoprofen on the retinal structure and serum levels of vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF)in patients with cataract surgery.<p>METHODS: One hundred and seventy two cataract patients(200 eyes)were enrolled in this study. All the patients were randomly divided into observation group and control group. The patients of observation group were treated with pranoprofen combined with normal post-operative therapy for 1mo. We set 4 points(1d, 7d, 15d and 30d after surgery)to dynamically analyze the fluctuation of inflammation score, central macular retinal thickness(CMT), macular foveola retinal thickness(MFRT), and the light receptor inner segment and outer segment layer(IS/OS). We set two points(before and 30d after surgery)to dynamically observe the alteration of superoxide dismutase(SOD), malondialdehyde(MDA)and VEGF.<p>RESULTS: The levels of inflammation index in control group were higher than those in observation group 7d, 15d and 30d after surgery, respectively(<i>P</i><0.001). The levels of CMT in control group were higher than those in observation group 15d and 30d after surgery, respectively(<i>P</i><0.001). The levels of IS/OS in control group were lower than those in observation group 7d, 15d and 30d after surgery, respectively(<i>P</i><0.001). Both of two groups expressed a markedly increasing of SOD levels(<i>P</i><0.001)and decreasing of MDA and VEGF levels(<i>P</i><0.001)30d after surgery compared with those before surgery. The levels of SOD in control group were lower than those in observation group(<i>P</i><0.001), whereas the contents of MDA and VEGF in control group were higher than those in observation group(<i>P</i><0.001)30d after surgery.<p>CONCLUSION: Pranoprofen considerably relieve levels of inflammation injury and down-regulate circulating levels of VEGF, which contributes its promotion in the recovery of retinal structure after surgery.

Constructing nanosized cell-type tissue-engineered bone for repair of mandibular bone defects / 中国组织工程研究

BACKGROUND:Nanosized cell-type tissue-engineered bone is a good scaffold material possessing the merits of stem cells and nanomaterials to fabricate bone and soft tissue formation. OBJECTIVE:To explore the method of constructing nano-sized cell-type tissue-engineered bone and to explore its application in the repair of mandibular bone defects. METHODS:One New Zealand white rabbit was taken to isolate bone marrow stromal stem cells by centrifugation. Then, the cells were induced to differentiate into osteoblasts. Osteoblasts (3×108/L, 10 μL) were inoculated into the prepared nano-phase hydroxyapatite/collagen composite to produce the nano-sized cell-type tissue-engineered bone. Another 20 New Zealand white rabbits were taken to make a unilateral puncture-type bone defect model of 15 mm×8 mm. These model rabbits were thereafter randomized into control and artificial bone groups (n=10 per group), followed by no intervention and implantation of nano-sized cell-type tissue-engineered bone, respectively. Repair effects were compared between the two groups. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1) Under the inverted microscope, osteoblasts grew along the material in each group, and the number of cells increased with the prolongation of the culture time. (2) Under the scanning electron microscope, a large number of spindle- or polygon-shaped adherent cells grew well on the surface of the tissue-engineered bone. (3) The defect in the artificial bone group was lessened at 4 weeks after implantation and disappeared at 8 weeks after implantation, and there was no clear boundary with the surrounding tissue. In the control group, the defect size changed little at 4 weeks and reduced at 8 weeks after implantation, and a clear boundary with the surrounding tissue was observed. (4) Bone density, trabecular thickness and trabecular number were significantly higher in the artificial bone group than the control group at 4 and 8 weeks after implantation (P < 0.05). (5) At 4 weeks after implantation, many new bones at the defect site were detected in the artificial bone group, and a large number of mature bone cells were visible at 8 weeks. In the control group, a few osteoblasts were found at the defect site with low bone maturation at 4 and 8 weeks after implantation. These findings suggest that the implantation of nanosized cell-type tissue-engineered bone into the defect site can considerably promote defect healing and achieve ideal repair effects.

Preliminary exploration on the teaching methods in endoscopic endonasal lacrimal surgery training for ophthalmologists / 基础医学与临床

The extensive application of transnasal endoscopy for the treatment of rhino-orbital related diseases re-quires ophthalmologists to master the skill in lacrimal surgery. Unlike other ocular surgeries,endoscopic endonasal procedures needs a well understanding of the anatomical structures inside the nose as well as the skilled use of en-doscopes,which makes the training more specialized and difficult. The step-by-step mode combined with other learning methods is designed to enhance surgical skills and shorten the learning time during residency and fellowship training. It is anticipated to back up the minimally invasive and precise targeting therapy for lacrimal dis-eases.

Incidence and etiology of stent associated respiratory tract infection caused by coated metal and silicone airway stents / 基础医学与临床

Objective To investigate the incidence and bacterial etiology of stent associated respiratory tract infec-tion (SARTI) caused by two types of airway stents.Methods Silicone and coated metal airway stent were placed into patients with central airway stenosis caused by varied pathologies. The incidence of stent related respiratory tract infection,bacteria etiology of SARTI and improved dyspnea score were compared between two groups receiving different airway stent.Results 1)Totally 171 patients received airway stents, and among them, 39 patients (22.81%) developed SARTI.2)The incidence of SARTI in metal stent group and silicone stent group was 29.21% (26/89) vs.15.85% (13/82),P<0.05;3)Bacterial spectrum of SARTI was different in metal and silicone stent groups:staphylococcus aureus was 38.46% vs. 69.23%,respectively;candida albicans was 23.08% vs. 0%,re-spectively;Singular proteus was 7.26% vs.0%,respectively;4)The narrowed lumen was improved from 74.27%± 7.13% to 17.64%±6.22%in the metal stent group,while the data was improved from 74.94%±9.18% to 12.68%± 8.32% in the silicone stent group (P<0.01). Accordingly, the dyspnea symptomscore was improvedfrom 2.85 ± 0.89 to 0.85±0.68 in metal stent group,and from 2.88±0.91 to 0±0.61 in the silicone stent group (P<0.05). Conclusions Compared with metal airway stents,silicone stents have a lower incidence of SARTI,which mightbe due to the projections in the silicon stent surface and wider expanded in the bronchial stenosis.

Inhibitory effect of extratable petroleum ether of Polyrhachis vicina Roger on neuroinflammatory response in depressed rats / 药学学报

The main ingredient of extractable petroleum ether of Polyrhachis vicina Roger (EPPR) is octadecene unsaturated fatty acids. Mounting evidence supports that N-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids can attenuate neuroinflammation, reduce oxidative stress, then protect neurons. In order to explore the effect of EPPR on the inflammatory response of depressed rats, the model of depression was established by chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS). Sucrose preference test, forced swimming test were employed to investigate the anti-depressive effect of EPPR in rat. The activation of glial cells and astrocytes in the prefrontal cortex of depressed rats was observed by immunofluorescence. The levels of inflammatory factors were measured by Quantitative Real-time PCR. NF-κB was detected by immunoblotting. EPPR could significantly improve the depressive behavior of rats, decrease NF-κB translocation to the compartment of nucleus, down-regulate the pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1β, TNF-α and indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) gene expression levels, inhibit the activation of microglia and astrocytes in depressed rats. These results suggest that EPPR could notably ameliorate inflammation induced by chronic stress, and the protective effect might be linked to the regulation of NF-κB p65.

Expression and significance of secreted frizzled-related protein 1 and β-catenin in gingival tissue of patients with chronic periodontitis / 华西口腔医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>This study aimed to investigate the expression and correlation of secreted frizzled-related protein 1 (SFRP1) and β-catenin in gingival tissues of patients with chronic periodontitis (CP). The role of the classical Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway in the development of periodontitis was also explored.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Twenty-eight patients with CP (CP group) were enrolled in this study. Among them, 16 cases were moderate CP, and 12 demonstrated severe CP. Twelve healthy cases comprised the controls (normal group). Gingival tissue was collected, and the probing depth, bleeding index, and clinical attachment loss were recorded. The expression levels of SFRP1 and β-catenin were detected by immunohistochemistry, and staining intensity was evaluated by double scoring method. SPSS 19.0 was used for statistical analysis.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The staining strength scores of SFRP1 and β-catenin were 2.16±0.65 and 1.12±0.51 in the normal group, 3.57±0.45 and 2.36±0.49 in the CP group, 3.61±0.40 and 2.30±0.44 in the moderate CP group, and 3.52±0.52 and 2.45±0.55 in the severe CP group, respectively. The expression of SFRP1 and β-catenin in the CP group was higher than that in the normal group (P<0.01). A significant difference was noted between the normal group and the moderate and severe CP groups (P<0.01) but none between the moderate and severe CP groups (P>0.05). A positive correlation was found between the expression of SFRP1 and β-catenin (r=0.657, P<0.01). The expression levels of β-catenin and SFRP1 were related to periodontal indexes. The correlation between the expression of SFRP1 and probing depth was most significant (r=0.723, P<0.01), as well as that between β-catenin and bleeding index (r=0.697, P<0.01).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Patients with CP exhibit elevated expression of SFRP1 and β-catenin in gingival tissues, and this event is related to the degree of periodontal destruction. Abnormal expression of SFRP1 and β-catenin may promote the development of periodontitis.</p>

Tick-Borne Pathogens in Ixodid Ticks from Poyang Lake Region, Southeastern China

Ticks are the vectors of various pathogens, threatening human health and animal production across the globe. Here, for the first time we detected Ricketssia spp., Borrelia spp. and protozoan in ticks from Poyang Lake region in Jiangxi Province of eastern China. In 3 habitat categories and on 12 host species, 311 ticks from 11 species were collected. Haemaphysalis longicornis was the predominant species, accounting for 55.63%, followed by Rhipicephalus microplus, Haemaphysalis flava and Ixodes granulatus. Of the collected ticks, 7.07% were positive for tick-borne pathogens, and H. longicornis and H. flava were found to be co-infected with Ricketssia spp. and protozoan. H. flava was the most detected positive for tick-borne pathogens, whereas H. longicornis had the lowest infection rate, and the difference in infection rates between tick species was significant (χ²=61.24, P < 0.001). Furthermore, adult ticks demonstrated remarkably greater infection rate than immature ticks (χ²=10.12, P=0.018), meanwhile ticks on Erinaceidae showed significantly higher positivity than ticks collected on other host species (χ²=108.44, P < 0.001). Genetic fragment sequencing and analyses showed at least 4 pathogen species presence in ticks, namely Borrelia yangtzensis, Rickettsia slovaca or Rickettsia raoultii related genospecies, Babesia vogeli and Hepatozoon canis or Hepatozoon felis related genospecies. The finding indicates that the abundant ticks can carry diverse pathogens in Poyang Lake region, and pathogen infection is highly related to species, vertebrate hosts and life stages of ticks.

Study on diarylheptanoids from green peel of Juglans sigillata / 中国中药杂志

The chemical constituents from green peel of Juglans sigillata were isolated by column chomatographies over silica gel, Sephadex LH-20, and MCI. Four diarylheptanoids were isolated and their structures were characterized as dihydropterocarine(1), 3',4″-epoxy-1-(4'-hydroxy-phenyl)-7-(3″-methoxyl-phenyl)-heptan-3α-ol(2), pterocarine(3), and 1-(4'-hydroxy-phenyl)-7-(3″-methoxy-4″-hydroxyphenyl)-heptan-3α-ol(4). Compound 1 is a new compound, named as dihydropterocarine. Compounds 2-4 were isolated from the plant of J. sigillata for the first time.

Medial Canthoplasty Combined with Conjunctivodacryocystorhinostomy for the Treatment of Delayed Medial Telecanthal Deformity / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>Rupture of the medial canthal ligament can be caused by many events. It remains a challenge to rebuild the drainage system and restore the function. The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical efficacy of medial canthoplasty combined with conjunctivodacryocystorhinostomy (CDCR) in patients with medial telecanthal deformities and lacrimal drainage system damage.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Twenty-two patients (22 eyes) treated with medial canthoplasty and CDCR during June 2012 to June 2014 were included in this retrospective study. For all patients, a self-tapping, titanium, low-profile head microscrew was drilled into the solid bone on the posterior aspect of the anterior lacrimal crest at the attachment position of the medial canthal ligament. Medpor-coated tear drainage tubes were applied. Distance of patient's lateral displacement before and after operation was recorded and compared. The complications of CDCR were described.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Before the surgery, distance of patient's canthal displacement was 4-6 mm. The canthal distance between two eyes of patients with surgery was 1 mm or less. Among patients with CDCR, four patients had proximal obstruction and two patients had distal obstruction. Five patients had tube malposition, for example, tube extrusion 1-3 months after surgery.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Medial canthoplasty combined with CDCR is an effective surgical method for treatment of patients with medial telecanthal deformity and lacrimal drainage system obstruction. The study indicates that medial canthoplasty combined with CDCR surgery rebuilds normal appearance of eyelid and contour of the medial canthus and successfully repairs the function of the lacrimal drainage system.</p>

Study on chemical constituents from green husk of Juglans sigillata / 中草药

Objective: To investigate the chemical constituents in the green husk of Juglans sigillate. Methods: The chemical constituents were isolated by silica gel, RP-18, MCI column chromatographies and so on. The structures were identified on the basis of spectroscopic analysis (MS, 13C-NMR, 1H-NMR). Results: Eleven compounds were isolated from the extract of green husk of J. sigillate. And their structures were characterized as: sinapaldehyde (1), (Z)-10-eicosenoic acid (2), 5α, 8α-epidioxyergosta-6, 22E-diene-3β-ol (3), 5, 8-dihydroxy-4-methoxy-α-tetralone (4), regiolone (5), 4, 5-dihydroxy-α-tetralone (6), 4, 5, 8-trihydroxy-α-tetralone (7), 5-hydroxy-4-methoxy-α-tetralone (8), 5-hydroxy-2-methoxy-1, 4-naphthoquinone (9), naringenin (10), and β-sitosterol (11). Conclusion: Compounds 1-2 are isolated from the plants of Juglans Linn. for the first time.